Flow Measurement
Measurement of flow using a laser optics
Overview
our answer to a wide range of difficulties involving measurementsAs a result of its contact-free and intrusion-free measuring method, laser optical flow measurements make it possible to precisely quantify flow rates even in flows that are difficult to access or that have delicate circumstances. In addition to fluids, moving surfaces are also capable of being measured with the same level of accuracy.Measurements of laser optical flow are particularly suitable for the following:The characterization of one-dimensional and multidimensional localvelocity gradients in fluid flows • For the purpose of determining the amount of volume flow inside systems• The measurement, either locally or extensively, of flow indicators in fluids as well as on surfaces• Verification and validation of the CFD simulations. • diagnostics of the flow, volume flow measurements, validation of the findings of simulations,• particular uses and applications• We employ a variety of measuring methods and the technical advancements that come with them, depending on the specifics of the job at hand.e..:Laser Doppler Anemometry and Velocimetry (LDA/LDV)Particle Image Velocimetry (abbreviated as PIV) (PIV)• A overview of the many measuring technologies that are utilised often may be found on our website• A modular approach is taken with all of our service offerings. They consist of having:• a methodical investigation and breakdown of the issue• Developing an idea for the parameters of the measurements• Adaptation, as well as the provision of the required measurement technology• Realization of the measurements• Evaluation and discussion of the measured data
Employing cutting-edge measuring technologies risk-free• Fast problem solving• There is no need to understand how to operate the measuringequipment• Access to substantial experimental expertise• There are no charges for purchasing the measuring equipment• Utilizing our expertise in fluid mechanics• Assistance for internal capacity issues and• Cooperation that is adaptable and simple• Actors and sensing devices• The optimization of flow sensors for the expansion of measuring dynamic, the decreaseof sensitivity to flow disturbance, and the minimization of measurement uncertainty• Verification and improvement of flow test benches and procedures sensor calibration• Utilization of the LDV as a Working Standard or Reference standard for the calibration ofvolume and flow Research aimed at minimising the pressure drop after fittings, as well asanalysis of flow in areas with a relatively small cross sectional area.• The Heating, Ventilation, and Air-Conditioning Industry• Verification of models for the flow of traffic within and around buildings• Optimization of smoke detectors as well as visualisation and improvement of flow inclean rooms• Engineering using fine tools and advances in medical technology. The detection ofunequal surface velocities at turning parts as well as the improvement of implants usedin flow as well as blood and insulin pumps.• Conceptual model for a particular solution• Engineering of the process and the apparatus• Knowledge of the underlying mechanics and the ability to precisely control one- and multiphase flows• Process Evaluation and Enhancement with Regards to Injection, Mixing, and Separation• Elimination or lessening of cavitation• Optimisation in manufacturing plants for the production of filaments• The improvement of coating processes through the optimization of flow.• The industries of automobiles and turbo machinery
Investigations aimed at improving the effectiveness of processesThe optimization of component geometry in order to reduce frictional resistanceAnalyses of several parameters to lessen the annoyance of road noise and improve passenger convenienceAn investigation of the occurrence of phenomena at boundary layers and an examination of the burning process.• Aerospace industry• Analysis and reduction of separations of the flow at profiles• Research and targeted manipulation of liquid movements during the flight.
• Services for flow diagnosis• Our services for laseroptical flow measurement (LDV, PIV and others) are based on a modular concept.• They consist of:• Analysing the problem and building a concept for measurements• Adaption and providing the needed measurement technology• Realization of the measurements• Discussion and evaluation of the measured data• Examples of potential projects:
LDV applications:• Calibration of standard flow meters (impeller anemometer, hot-wire anemometer,…)• Analysis of flow conditions in pipes• Measurement of flow velocities in chemical reaction vessels• Mesasurements of bondary layer flows• Measurements for optimization of a channel geometry• Analysis of flow conditions in hot air channels and• high precision measurements of the circumferential speed of mechanical clocks.
PIV applications:• Studies to optimize the aerodynamics of vehicles (cars, rail vehicles, aircrafts)• Efficiency analysis of air-conditioning in vehicles• Visualization and quantification of air flow for compliance of legal requirements (e. g. pharma and food market)• Analysis of flow velocities in miniaturized assemblies (e. g. micro channels)• Measurements for optimizing of medical models (e. g. heart valve models)• Research for optimizing air flow in folia extrusion lines and• Measurements for flow conditioning in separator mills.
Particle Image Velocimetry is a non-invasive, laser optical technique that is used for determining
the velocity distribution in fluids. It does this by tracking individual particles as they move through
the fluid. The level of complexity of a system will change depending on the nature of the
application; nevertheless, the fundamental idea behind PIV will remain the same:In particle
image velocimetry, or PIV, the velocity of a fluid (either gaseous or liquid) is observed by shining
light through a thin sheet of fluid that contains tracer particles that are reflective and neutrally
buoyant. A digital camera is set up so that it is parallel to the lit sheet, and this camera is used to
record the movement of the particles. The majority of PIV analysis include capturing two pictures
(A and B) of the lighted plane at t0 and t0+t, respectively. Since this is the case, velocities in the
sheet may be calculated using t and the distance travelled by the particles from picture A to
image B. (particle displacement). By calculating the cross-correlation of a large number of
individual, relatively tiny sub-images, the particle displacement for groups of particles may be
determined (interrogation areas). The correlation provides the most likely displacement for a
collection of particles that moved in the same direction from picture A to image B. Both images
are separated by a straight line.
at least two laser beams are brought into intersection with one
another. A pattern of interference fringe is produced when the
volume being measured is at this created level. When a particle, such
as an air bubble or seed particle, travels across this light/dark pattern,
the laser light is scattered and modulated by the particle. There is a
direct correlation between the velocity of the particle in the
measuring point and the frequency that is received from the
scattered light. Therefore, it is feasible to detect the punctual velocity
in fluids with a high resolution and in a number of different
dimensions simultaneously.